There are several types of periodontal disease. All are started by a bacterial infection that destroys the gums, bone, and ligaments supporting the teeth. Periodontal disease progresses silently, often without pain or overt symptoms that would alert you to its presence. It may develop slowly or progress quite rapidly. The best way to prevent this bacterial infection is through good oral hygiene, which involves thorough cleaning of the teeth and gums.

If you notice any of the following early warning signs of periodontal disease, you should make an appointment for an examination:

• Gums bleeding when you brush your teeth. Even a little bleeding is not normal.
• If you have a "pink" toothbrush, see your dentist.
• Red, swollen, or tender gums.
• Detachment of the gums from the teeth.
• Pus that appears from the gumline when the gums are pressed.
• Teeth that have become loose or have changed position. Any change in the way your teeth fit together when you bite.
• Chronic bad breath or bad taste.

2. Common Types of Periodontal Diseases

Gingivitis is the earliest stage, and affects only the gum tissue. At this stage, the disease is still reversible. If not treated, however, it may lead to a more severe condition.

Periodontitis is the more advanced stage of periodontal diseases. The gums, bone, and other structures that support the teeth become damaged. Teeth can become loose and fall out--or may have to be removed. At this stage, the disease requires more complex treatment to prevent tooth loss.

3. Some contributing factors to Periodontal Disease

• Smoking or chewing tobacco
• Poorly fitting crowns, bridges, and fillings
• Habits such as clenching or grinding your teeth
• Poor diet
• Increases in hormone level during pregnancy
• Systemic diseases such as AIDS or diabetes
• Some prescription medications Crowded teeth